Part 3 of 3
By Shawna Bertalot, CIC, ACI, President WisMed Assure
“Physicians in Wisconsin will soon be paying more for medical professional liability (MPL) insurance thanks to a cyclical “hardening” of the market.”
(Excerpt from Part 1)
Three of every four primary care physicians will be sued by a patient during the course of their career. The numbers are even worse for specialties.
Which is why physicians as a whole are not willing to take the chance they will be among the lucky few who never get sued. To guard against the financial impact of a law suit, they purchase Medical Professional Liability (MPL) insurance. But, as Wisconsin physicians begin to experience rising MPL premiums along with greater underwriting scrutiny, the question becomes, “How can I get the coverage I need and avoid paying too much?”
The answer is to play defense and offense at the same time; defense by reducing the chances of being sued and offense by managing your insurance purchase.
It’s simple: don’t get sued
Well, if only it was that simple. In reality, a physician can do everything perfectly for a patient and still be sued because of a poor outcome.
Legally speaking, to be successful in court, a patient’s legal team has to prove three things:
- The physician committed a breach of duty by not providing medical care another healthcare professional would have provided
- The patient suffered emotional or physical injury
- The physician caused the damage to the patient
But, even when one or more of these three are not provable in court, no physician wants to end up in court in the first place… nor does their MPL insurer want to pay the legal bills.
How’s your Patient CRED?
Playing defense could be as conceptually simple as applying the “CRED” concept to your medical practice:
C – communication
R – relationship
E – education
D – documentation
Communication
A breakdown in patient-provider communication is a leading contributor to malpractice lawsuits. While it is absolutely essential to obtain adequate informed consent, doing so as part of an open, two-way conversation with the patient and their family when appropriate goes a long way to helping you avoid your day in court.
By taking the time answer questions, address concerns and openly discuss potential complications, you can avoid false assumptions and miscommunication while building patient confidence.
Relationship
Patients and families are much less likely to sue a physician when they feel
they have a good relationship. Even if you deliver the best possible care, without
a good relationship, its perceived value and effectiveness can be significantly
diminished in the eyes of your patient.
That’s why approaching each patient with compassion and empathizing with their concerns and condition throughout the cycle of care, is one of your best defensive strategies. Most of the time all it takes is for you to stop for a few seconds and truly engage with patients. Making eye contact, actively listening, just being there for a moment instead of worrying about where you have to be next, can make all the difference.
Education
When a patient or a member of their family doesn’t understand the diagnosis,
treatment or regulations, it is far too easy for them to feel you’ve done
something wrong or inadequate.
If you don’t educate them, they instead rely on assumptions, what they read on the Internet, and what their cousin in Oconomowoc heard on the Doctor Oz Show.
To protect yourself, to play strong defense, take time to educate your patients and their family so they understand why you are recommending all tests and treatments ahead. Plus, they need to know what to expect including risks and possible side effects, recovery times, and results.
Clearly explaining why and what helps you avoid having to justify your actions and decisions by making the patient and their family part of the decision-making process.
Documentation.
Malpractice
law suits occur when a patient thinks they’ve been harmed and are supported by
others in making a case against a physician. Defense then is conceptually
simple; you must accurately document the patient’s condition and why your
diagnosis and treatment decisions were made.
But, in practice, it’s a lot more complicated. One complicating factor you cannot afford to overlook are the decision-making (or at least decision-influencing) conversations you have with patients and their families. When you use the other three elements of Patient CRED, these conversations gain importance and the need to document them is essential.
Going on the offensive
Inevitably, you will pay more for MPL insurance. But, to avoid an even worse-case scenario, where you can no longer find adequate coverage at all, there are several things you can do.
As the market hardens, underwriters will begin to clamp down on exceptions. This means that if your risk management practices and policies are irregular, you will pay a lot more and your options could be severally limited.
Unfortunately, to protect their profits, some insurers may reduce claims and risk management personnel and services. And some may sell directly and not through licensed insurance agents who can help you play offense. Which makes it even more important for physicians to make sure they have their act together when it comes to risk prevention.
Here is a risk management checklist you can use to improve your offense and be seen as a preferred risk to an insurance company.-
- I understand and have taken advantage of the premium discounts and credits my insurance company offers. Yes No Not Sure
- I regularly participate in risk-reduction CME courses and seminars and receive discounts from my insurance company for doing so. Yes No Not Sure
- I utilize electronic medical records in my practice and receive discounts from my insurance company for doing so. Yes No Not Sure
- My organization pursues ongoing risk-management efforts such as claims management, quality initiatives, and risk assessments. Yes No Not Sure
- My organization has an effective peer-review process. Yes No Not Sure
- My organization has practical guidelines for medical record documentation and consent forms. Yes No Not Sure
- I (we) have chosen the location for our organization by balancing market/patient accessibility and location-specific insurance costs. Yes No Not Sure
- When completing annual insurance renewal forms, I am careful to answer all questions as accurately as possible and include any and all substantive changes to my practice (e.g.: changes to hospital staff privileges, joining a managed-care network, gaining specialty board certification). Yes No Not Sure
- I understand the difference between claims-made and occurrence coverage and have chosen the coverage most appropriate for my situation: Yes No Not Sure
It takes two to Tango
Playing offense goes beyond implementing risk management strategies. It also means playing tough with your insurance company. Given that the likelihood of a law suit occurring is so high, you need to be aware of your insurance company’s track record when it comes to managing claims.
Here are some important questions to ask:
- How many law suits do they defend annually?
- What is the percentage of cost they spend on defense vs. settlement?
- How does their success rate in court compare to the national average?
Nationally, only about five percent of cases go to trial. And, of those, about 80 percent are decided in favor of the physician.
What should you do now?
For now, assuming your house is in order, you will want to look for stability and security by renewing your coverage with a financially strong insurer; a long-term player committed to the MPL insurance market place. This is where an experienced broker can play a key role in helping you understand the quality of the insurers willing to do business with you.
As the market continues to harden, it is essential to seek the help and advice of an experienced, committed advisor who can help you improve your underwriting profile if need be and navigate your options.
If you would like to discuss this article or your insurance needs and concerns, please feel free to contact me.
Shawna Bertalot, CIC, ACI, President WisMed Assure
shawna.bertalot@wismedassure.org