Sonia Marques

Spring 2021 Issue

Data Interoperability is Here: Threat or Opportunity? It’s Your Choice!

Physicians and health plans will soon be sharing data electronically with patients and each other

By Shawna Bertalot, CIC, ACI – WisMed Assure President

During a webinar presented by OnRamp Healthcare and Onyx Health titled “CMS Blue Button: Physician scoring – kick start your awareness”, Mark Scrimshire, Onyx Chief Interoperability Officer, said, “Consumers will have control of their data and therefor their healthcare – there is nothing to stop them from giving their data to an organization that has the goal of determining the actual cost of care.”

He also said, “If you don’t get in the game, you won’t be in the business.”

That’s one point of view. Here’s another; as value-based care plays an ever-larger role in how you are paid, interoperability will allow you to query health plans quick and easily for patient coverage data and the information you need to provide best care possible.

One thing is for sure; the more you know about Blue Button 2.0 and the impact it will have on your ability to succeed in your career, the better off you will be. To get the jump on this, to “get in the game”, make sure you plan to attend this year’s OnRamp Healthcare virtual conference on August 19th. See the article below for more information and to register.

Read more…


Term Life Insurance Is All the Same… Or Is It?

By Tom Strangstalien, Insurance Advisor

Kelly had just suffered a life- threatening stroke at 57 years old. Her prognosis was uncertain, and at the very least she was looking at months of recovery. She took comfort in the fact that she had purchased a one-million-dollar term life insurance policy when she was 37 years old to protect her family and to leave a lasting legacy.

Read More…


Tax Season is the Best Season to Take Care of Your Finances

By Mark Ziety, CFP®, AIF®, senior advisor, WisMed Financial

If you want to get ahead and stay ahead when it comes to taking full advantage of all your financial opportunities, consider these tips:

Read more…


Be Aware – COBRA and the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021

By:  Chris Noffke, GBDS, VP of Employee Benefits

I have been keeping my finger on the pulse of all thing’s related to employee benefits and this is one I find very important for you all to know, especially for employers who qualify for COBRA coverage (have 20 or more employees).

Read More…


Ins and Outs of Property Insurance

By: Laura Heil Kinart – Account Director

Have you ever wondered…

  • What your retroactive date actually is?
  • What’s the difference between Claims Made and Occurrence? 
  • What Directors and Officers Insurance is… and if your practice needs it?

Read more…


How to Get Super Quick Life Insurance

By David Serena, Insurance Advisor

If you’re one of those busy Residents who wants to purchase life insurance but just can’t find the time, there is a new program just for you.

The program is called “Bestow”, a word similar in meaning to “awarding” or “honoring” someone with something. In this case, you are honoring someone you love by insuring your life.

Read More…


The Leading Conference for Healthcare Innovation

August 19, 2021| Virtual

The OnRamp Healthcare Conference brings together corporations, investors, startups and members of the health care team. The conference highlights innovations disrupting health care and the future of medicine, the health care leaders making such innovations possible and how new technologies and business models will reinvent the industry. Determined to lower cost, increase access and improve outcomes, OnRamp Healthcare is for anyone striving to change healthcare for the better.

Read more


New Faces

Here at WisMed Assure we pride ourselves on creating a sense of family for all of our team. And, what better way to celebrate family than adding new members!

Read More…

Data Interoperability is Here: Threat or Opportunity? It’s Your Choice!

Physicians and health plans will soon be sharing data electronically with patients and each other

By Shawna Bertalot, CIC, ACI – WisMed Assure President

They say point of view is everything. Especially when it comes to your success as a physician in an environment of rapid, relentless and disruptive technological change.

In the past decade, the implementation of EHR in most hospitals and medical systems has changed how you do your job. From one point of view, the administrative burden has been crushing, from another, realizing the promise of immediate access to accurate patient records has been well worth the struggle.

You could say healthcare as a whole, thanks to EHR and other data sources, no longer has a patient data problem. Now, again depending on your point of view, you might say healthcare has a data interoperability problem. That is certainly the view taken by CMS as it prepares to take its Blue Button 2.0 to the next phase; health plans and providers will soon be required by federal law to share data electronically with each other and with patients.

But, what is your point of view? Think about the implications for you, your practice, and/or the healthcare provider you work for as Blue Button 2.0 provides “… a developer-friendly, standards-based data Application Programming Interface (API) that enables beneficiaries to connect their Medicare claims data to the applications, services, and research programs they trust.”

From my point of view, the one word that stands out in this quote from the CMS website is “trust”. I believe, and I am certain the vast majority of physicians and other healthcare providers and leaders also believe, that trust is the essential ingredient in the provider/patient relationship.

Will that essential bond of trust be strengthened or weakened when patients have access to all their medical data on their smart phones? What will happen to that trust when developers create apps that enable patients to compare costs and care outcomes across the entire spectrum of options available to them? Who will patients trust well enough to give permission to access their data?

During a webinar presented by OnRamp Healthcare and Onyx Health titled “CMS Blue Button: Physician scoring – kick start your awareness”, Mark Scrimshire, Onyx Chief Interoperability Officer, said, “Consumers will have control of their data and therefor their healthcare – there is nothing to stop them from giving their data to an organization that has the goal of determining the actual cost of care.”

He also said, “If you don’t get in the game, you won’t be in the business.”

That’s one point of view. Here’s another; as value-based care plays an ever-larger role in how you are paid, interoperability will allow you to query health plans quickly and easily for patient coverage data and the information you need to provide the best care possible.

One thing is for sure; the more you know about Blue Button 2.0 and the impact it will have on your ability to succeed in your career, the better off you will be. To get the jump on this, to “get in the game”, make sure you plan to attend this year’s OnRamp Healthcare virtual conference on August 19th. See the article below for more information and to register.

Other information sources for you to explore include:
CMS Blue Button 2.0
U.S. Digital Service
Patient Info on Medicare.gov
Onyx Health – Blue Button developer

New Faces

Here at WisMed Assure we pride ourselves on creating a sense of family for all of our team. And, what better way to celebrate family than adding new members!

Tom Strangstalien

Meet Tom Strangstalien, Insurance Advisor. Growing up on a family farm in Southwest Wisconsin, Tom learned the value of hard work. Beginning his career marketing individual health insurance plans, Tom developed a passion for individual finance and the role insurance plays in a well-designed financial plan. Bringing a wealth of knowledge and experience, Tom joined WisMed Assure in June of 2020 and has since been an asset and advocate for our members.


And, say hello to Janet Marszalek, RPLU, Senior Account Manager. Janet has over 35 years of experience in the insurance industry. She earned her Bachelor of Science Degree in Business Management from Upper Iowa University and is licensed in Wisconsin for Property and Casualty. Janet holds the RPLU designation (Registered Property Liability Underwriter) and has been a member of the Professional Liability Underwriting Society. Janet joined the WisMed Assure family in January 2021 and has already put her stamp on things here.

Our family is growing as we continue to be your financial partner for life.

The Leading Conference for Healthcare Innovation

August 19, 2021| Virtual

The OnRamp Healthcare Conference brings together corporations, investors, startups and members of the health care team. The conference highlights innovations disrupting health care and the future of medicine, the health care leaders making such innovations possible and how new technologies and business models will reinvent the industry. Determined to lower cost, increase access and improve outcomes, OnRamp Healthcare is for anyone striving to change healthcare for the better.

Sponsored by WisMed Assure and the Wisconsin Medical Society

The OnRamp Healthcare Conference features curated, one-on-one pitch sessions between selected startups and leading corporations, investors and accelerators to discuss potential customer relationships, strategic partnerships and, if appropriate, investment opportunities. Startups must apply, and one-on-one pitch sessions are scheduled based upon mutual interest. Participation is completely free for selected startups, and all Startup Track applicants will receive complimentary registration for the conference.

Who Should Attend?

STARTUPS

Apply for the free opportunity to meet one-on-one with participating healthcare innovation executives and investors at the 2021 OnRamp Healthcare Conference. Your application guarantees complimentary registration to the conference. The deadline to apply is June 18, 2021.

HEALTHCARE EXECUTIVES & INVESTORS

Registration packages for the OnRamp Healthcare Conference include access to conference programming, the full list of 300+ Startup Track applicants, curated one-on-one pitch meetings with startups of your choosing and potential speaking opportunities.

GENERAL ATTENDEES

Join the 500+ attendees including Corporate Venture Capital, Innovation, Strategy, Medical Officers, Business Development, Corporate Development, M&A, IT and C-suite executives for the speaking sessions and networking.

Click here for more information and to register

Ins and Outs of Property Insurance

By: Laura Heil Kinart – Account Director

Have you ever wondered…

  • What your retroactive date actually is?
  • What’s the difference between Claims Made and Occurrence? 
  • What Directors and Officers Insurance is… and if your practice needs it?

A physician once told me he wished they had taught him about insurance in medical school, because when he opened his first practice, he had no clue what it all entailed. 

Between state requirements on coverage limits and policy types, and all the other options that are available but may not be right for your practice, the world of insurance can be difficult to navigate.

Starting in early May, I will be hosting a weekly video series, where I will help you understand the ins and outs of the property and casualty insurance.

Check out our Facebook, Instagram or LinkedIn pages for more information in the upcoming weeks.

If there are any topics you’d like to see in the series, please let me know. 

insurance@wismedassure.org

Be Aware – COBRA and the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021

By:  Chris Noffke, GBDS, VP of Employee Benefits

I have been keeping my finger on the pulse of all thing’s related to employee benefits and this is one I find very important for you all to know, especially for employers who qualify for COBRA coverage (have 20 or more employees).

As you are staying up to date with the changes occurring because of COVID, one of the major changes is regarding the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021.

This plan, or part of it, provides financial subsidies covering 100% of the cost for employees already on COBRA, and for employees who will become COBRA eligible due to reduction in hours or involuntary termination between the dates of 4.1.21 and 9.30.21. 

For more information please visit HR360 for detailed information. (HR360 is one of the many services WisMed Assure provides to our employee benefit clients.) 

We will continue to monitor this for you. As your financial partner for life, please know we are in constant contact with our legal and compliance partners and are always looking out for regulatory changes that may have an impact on your financial security.

Title: American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 – COBRA & Dependent Care FSA

President Joseph Biden signed the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 on March 11th.  The bill contains two provisions affecting COBRA and the Dependent Care FSA.

COBRA: A full subsidy for COBRA premiums for COBRA qualifying beneficiaries when the qualifying event is involuntary termination of employment. In general, the subsidy will begin for coverage periods beginning on April 1, 2021 and ending on September 30, 2021 (Section 9501).

Dependent Care FSA: The limit for dependent care assistance plans will be increased from $5,000 to $10,500 for the 2021 calendar year (Section 9632).

I will continue to provide information as it becomes available.

Tax Season is the Best Season to Take Care of Your Finances

By Mark Ziety, CFP®, AIF®, senior advisor, WisMed Financial

If you want to get ahead and stay ahead when it comes to taking full advantage of all your financial opportunities, consider these tips:

  • Get organized. Whether you create a formal net worth statement or jot down a summary for yourself, now is the time to figure out what you own and what you owe. This will also help with tax prep since you will have a list of accounts to quickly identify if you are missing a tax form.
  • Determine where to focus in 2021. Are you striving to pay off debt? Do you need to beef up your emergency fund, retirement accounts, or kids’ college savings? Have you been putting off purchasing insurance or drafting your will? Focusing on one item at a time won’t be overwhelming and you’ll see progress faster than trying to do everything at once.
  • Check in with your advisors. An annual checkup is worthwhile and may be required in some cases. For instance, annually recertifying your income with your student loan servicer is required for income driven repayment plans. It is a good idea to meet with your financial planner and insurance agent especially if you had a change in income, family size, or finances,
  • Make tax adjustments. If you have a big refund or big tax bill, adjust your withholding. If you will be in a high tax bracket in 2021, make pretax 401(k)/403(b) contributions otherwise make Roth 401(k)/403(b) contributions.

WisMed Financial and WisMed Assure are part of the Wisconsin Medical Society. WisMed Financial helps members save and invest for their future, eliminate debt, manage taxes, obtain legal documents like wills, utilize charitable strategies, and other personal financial matters.

Bring me your questions, I will be delighted to help you.

Contact me at

Mark.Ziety@WisMedFinancial.org
608-442-3750.

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Term Life Insurance Is All the Same… Or Is It?

Tom Strangstalien

By Tom Strangstalien, Insurance Advisor

Kelly had just suffered a life- threatening stroke at 57 years old. Her prognosis was uncertain, and at the very least she was looking at months of recovery. She took comfort in the fact that she had purchased a one-million-dollar term life insurance policy when she was 37 years old to protect her family and to leave a lasting legacy.

Comfort turned to despair when she discovered her policy was non-renewable at the end of the term period of twenty years. In fact, her coverage would end in one month; the month of her birthday. Through perseverance and focused determination, she would fight to recover to her former self, both physically and mentally. However, because she was now uninsurable, there was nothing she could do about having no life insurance.

Like many consumers, Kelly purchased her life insurance protection from a large brokerage firm where the prevailing perception was all policies are the same. This meant price was the predominant factor in choosing a policy and Kelly thought, “Why not go with the cheapest?”

Term life policies are not at all the same

Modern term insurance policies come with a variety of conditions and riders and each of these variables, must be considered when choosing a policy.

For example, renewability and convertibility are two options that may be extremely important to you. If Kelly’s policy was “guaranteed renewable”, she could have paid the adjusted premium at the end of the initial 20-year term and kept her policy in force.

If you choose a policy that is “convertible”, you can change it to a permanent insurance plan, within a designated timeframe, or at any time within the initial term period.

Both of these options can make a term life insurance policy slightly more expensive. There are also times when insurance companies offer guaranteed renewable and convertible term life insurance that is less expensive than their competitors. At WisMed Assure, as your financial partner for life, it is our job to research these contracts thoroughly when advising you on finding the very best coverage for your needs. Our loyalty is to you, and not to the insurance companies.

Riders: pay more to get more  

While shopping for a term life policy, there are many additions, or “riders”, to the base coverage to consider. Some of the more popular include disability waivers, disability income protection, accidental death protection, children’s insurance, and living benefits or long-term care protection.

Should you become disabled, a disability waiver will no longer require the you pay insurance premiums, and disability income protection can provide a monthly payment to you throughout a period of disability. Children’s insurance can place life insurance protection for one’s children under the same base policy, and an additional insured or other insured rider will place life insurance coverage in force on an added named individual. If death occurs as a result of an accident, the accidental death rider will increase the base amount of coverage. In many instances, the base amount will be doubled.

Due to the exploding costs of long term care, many modern policies now make a percentage of the life insurance benefit available to assist in paying these costs. Qualification is usual contingent on the inability to perform two or more activities of daily living or to be cognitively impaired for life.

Living benefits are also very popular, where benefits can be paid while one is alive, upon sustaining a life altering health condition such as a cardiac event, cancer, or a stroke.

A convertible policy works

Larry and his wife Dawn came into my office the other day. Dawn said, “Tom there is something we think you should know. Larry has been forgetting things lately so we talked to our doctor, and Larry has early stage Alzheimer’s.” 

After a conversation of comfort and empathy, our focus shifted to Larry’s life insurance policy. Since the policy was “convertible”, we decided to convert the coverage to a permanent plan which would be in force for Larry’s lifetime. We also discussed the policy’s living benefits rider, which, if Larry’s condition became too severe, benefits would be paid out while Larry was still alive to help Dawn in caring for Larry.

Not all term life insurance policies are created the same. In fact, it can be an intensive effort to design a policy for one’s budget that will provide needed benefits during a time of crisis. At WisMed Assure, our team of professionals are here for your well-being, and to create Larry and Dawn stories.

BE AWARE AND CHANGE LIVES

By Tom Strangstalien

Insurance Advisor with WisMed Assure

September is Life Insurance Awareness Month. All month long, as I sat sipping my morning coffee, I reflected on how many times I’ve experienced the life changing impact of life insurance.

Even though I’ve been a life insurance agent for more than two decades, there are times when even I take for granted this life changing tool within our financial tool box. There are dozens of stories I can tell about how life insurance has truly been a difference maker in the lives of so many. Four of these stories stand out in particular because they had a direct personal impact on me.

Rene’s Home

Rene designed a plan, utilizing universal life insurance to potentially pay off the mortgage on her home early. The policy insured the lives of her and her husband jointly, and we funded the policy in such a way to grow the cash value quickly, yet be friendly to the family budget. 

One day, John mentioned to Rene that he had a lump on the back of his tongue which was bothering him. Being a nurse, Rene advised John, that he probably should get it checked out by their Doctor.  John battled cancer for the next four months. The family took care of him at home, until the day came when John passed away in his sleep.

 I received a call from Rene months later. Choking back tears, she told me because of the plan that was intended to pay the mortgage off early, the life insurance allowed her to remain in the home with her two daughters. She went on to tell me that she was going back to college to advance her status to a Registered Nurse. After much expression of gratitude and profuse thanks, she ended by telling me I helped the family change their life. Speechless at first, I finally said, “Yes, life insurance is a game changer.” 

Rene is debt free, cherishing her career as a registered nurse, while her two daughters attend college in Eau Claire.

Don’s Hockey Legacy

My son is a hockey player. Our small-town hockey rink was actually a make shift park shelter. I cherish the times that we set up the chiller to make the ice for the season, construct the walls, bring in the bleachers, and keep the rink maintained throughout the winter season. Our rink was viewed as a joke, and with a little bit of disdain by our fellow competitors throughout the state. 

However, we were really good. In fact, we took home many tournament trophies, state youth championship titles, and as a high school advanced to the state tournament on multiple occasions. How amazing would it be if we had a real rink? In discussing ideas with the parent committee on how to pursue such an aggressive endeavor, I suggested we approach community benefactors. 

I proposed an idea to Don, a very successful businessman in the community, that we fund a $5 million life insurance policy to someday create a community hockey arena and event center, bearing his family’s name. After deliberation with his tax accountant, he learned the charitable pursuit would provide a large benefit to him “tax wise”. His family stands proud of their patriarch, as they regularly witness the use of the family named facility. Don made a difference, and his legacy lives on.

Life Can Go On

Wayne would do anything for me, and pretty much for everyone. 

He helped me put up my tree stands for deer hunting every season. He taught me the ropes to hunt for ginseng in the fall and morel mushrooms in the spring. When the Brewers would play during the summer, I would frequently see Wayne and Carla’s truck pulling into our driveway, with their daughter Carlie in tow, to have a cold one, watch the Brewers, and do our best to discover the meaning of life. 

As with all of my friends, I encouraged Wayne to purchase a term life insurance policy. Their budget was tight, but we were able to formulate a significant amount of coverage with an affordable price. 

On a really soggy rainy day in the spring of 2016, Wayne, Carla, and Carlie ventured out to Carla’s mother’s land, located in Iowa. They would frequently take these trips, and while Carla visited with her mother, Wayne would maintain the family farm.

Shortly after crossing the bridge into Minnesota, and initiating the trip south to the Iowa border, Carla saw a tree give way on the bluff above. There was no time to react. The tree landed on the roof of the truck, killing Wayne instantly, breaking Carla’s neck, and leaving Carlie with head trauma and face lacerations. 

Carla was now a single parent, in a neck brace for months. Carlie recovered, cherishing the moments with her father and hero. I stood silent at the funeral, as the military salute and folding of the flag took place. Doing their best to emulate Wayne, the family stood tall, confident, and proud. Life would go on, and they would be “ok”. 

My Friend Randy

Randy was my best friend. We went to high school together, were college roommates for four years, and his brother married my sister. I recruited Randy to join our team in the “insurance business”. After some hesitation, Randy joined the team, and we spent many nights together learning the business. His on the job training involved writing a policy on himself (encouraged by me). 

I’ll never forget the call I received from my mother one beautiful April spring morning. She uttered, “Are you sitting down?” As I sipped my morning coffee at my kitchen table, I replied an affirmative yes. “I have some news. Your friend Randy woke up yesterday, and was going to read the morning paper, but he couldn’t. He was diagnosed with an inoperable brain tumor, and has about 6 months to live.” The words shook me to my core.

I took Randy shopping for his groceries one day. That was the last time I saw him. Six months from the date of the initial diagnosis, Randy was gone. He left behind two children, ages 5 and 7, and his wife Michelle who was a nurse. Michelle cried when she got the check for the life insurance. She was able to purchase a home for the family, continue her career in the medical field, and eventually put both boys through college.

Are You Aware?

Heaven forbid anything happens to you or your loved ones. But, wishing is not a plan. If you would like to explore and discover the very best possible options to fit your needs, I am always available. Please contact me with any questions or concerns you may have.

Tom Strangstalien

Insurance Advisor

WisMed Assure

Direct:  608-442-3730

Cell:  608-304-1579

tom.strangstalien@wismedassure.org

Income-Driven Repayment Plans

The ins, outs, upsides, and downsides you need to know

By Rufus Sweeney

Looking forward to residency also means looking forward to repaying your student loans.
Sounds like fun… doesn’t it?

OK, perhaps not a lot of fun, but unavoidable. So, to reduce your stress and feel good about your financial progress, you need to make the best choice. And, making the best choice for how to repay your student loans takes a little thinking.

Before we look at the different types of repayment plans here are two important things to remember:

  1. It’s critical to start loan repayment while in residency rather than use deferment or forbearance. This will save you thousands.
  2. In many cases, you can switch repayment plans if your financial situation changes. This relieves some of the uncertainty you may feel when making your initial choice.

Now, the basic premise of income-driven repayment (IDR) plans is simple; you repay your federal student loans based on your ability to pay.

Here are your choices:

  • Standard repayment plan
  • Graduated repayment plan
  • Extended repayment plan
  • Income-driven repayment plans (Yes, there’s more than one!)

Phew! Seems complicated… and it is, but here are some basic definitions to help you figure out how you can best navigate the loan repayment landscape.

Standard repayment plan: You pay off your loans in 10 years. Your monthly payments are fixed based on adding the amount you owe to the projected interest and dividing by 120. WARNING: If you do not choose another type of repayment plan, you will be automatically enrolled in this repayment plan

As a resident, because your monthly payments will most likely be more than you can afford, this is not the way to go.

Graduated repayment plan: These also run for 10 years, but monthly payments start out low and increase every two years. But, as with standard plans, even the lower monthly payments are still likely higher than you can afford on a resident’s salary.

Extended repayment plan: Now we’re looking at the long term. With this type of plan, you’re facing 25 years of fixed or graduated payments. This type of plan is good if you don’t qualify for an income-driven repayment plan. And, sorry to do this to you, but even thinking about this type of plan is a waste of time because, as a resident, you qualify for income-driven repayment plans.

Income-driven repayment plans: These plans peg the size of your monthly payment to your income.

The four types are:

  • Pay-As-You-Earn (PAYE)
  • Revised-Pay-As-You-Earn (REPAYE),
  • Income-Based Repayment (IBR)
  • Income-Contingent Repayment (ICR)

Generally speaking, these plans cap monthly payments at 10% of your discretionary income. (Very simply, your discretionary income is your income minus whatever the poverty line is for your family.)

Low income = low payments. Your payment size is recalculated every year after you file taxes. The good (great?) news is that after 20 to 25 years, what remains of your student loans is forgiven. (Next blog we’ll look at public service loan forgiveness; which are forgiven in only 10 years.)

As you have probably realized, IDR plans work well for residents who are trying to get by on a $60,000 salary and owe a lot of money (roughly $50,000 or more).

PAYE and REPAYE

PAYE differs from REPAYE in two significant ways.

First, to qualify for PAYE you have to prove you can’t afford to make the payments a standard 10-year repayment plan requires. REPAYE doesn’t ask for this proof… no matter what your salary, your payments will never be more than 10% of discretionary income.

Secondly, PAYE is limited to the repayment of William D. Ford Direct Loans received after Oct. 1, 2007 and funds disbursed on or after Oct. 1, 2011. These loans include Direct Loans, subsidized and unsubsidized, Graduate PLUS loans and Direct Consolidation Loans made after Oct. 1, 2011, unless they include Direct or FFEL loans made after Oct. 1, 2007. Phew!

REPAYE is available to people who borrowed from the Direct Loan program, except for parents who took out PLUS loans. You qualify for REPAYE no matter when you took out your loan and as long as you borrowed from the list of qualified William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan programs.

A major benefit of REPAYE is you remain eligible for the Public Service Loan Forgiveness program.

Payments on the REPAYE program are adjusted every year based on income and family size. If you file your taxes separately, PAYE won’t take your spouse’s income into account when calculating your payments. With REPAYE, your spouse’s income is taken into account.

The best part of these programs is that after 20 years of on-time loan payments, your debt is forgiven.

Income-Based Repayment (IBR)

Income-based repayment (IBR) is another income-driven repayment plan that caps monthly payments at 10 to 15% of discretionary income. This type of plan is an option if you don’t qualify for PAYE and don’t want to include your spouse’s income into your discretionary income. (That said, almost every resident qualifies for PAYE.)

Income-Contingent Repayment (ICR)

This type of repayment plan work well if you are paying back student loans your parents took out on your behalf. They also work well for parents themselves who need an affordable way to pay back the loans they took for you. If you aren’t paying back loans from your kids or loans from your parents, ICR is probably not the plan for you.

A final word on flexibility

You can switch from on repayment plan to another. For example, if you graduated recently, you could choose REPAYE to take advantage of the government interest subsidy. Then, if you’re lucky enough to marry someone with a high income, you could switch to PAYE to avoid having your spouse’s income included in your monthly payment calculations. And, sometime down the road, you may quit your income-driven plan altogether because you want to make larger payments.

If you need help managing your debt, one of your best resources is your financial aid officer. And, I highly recommend visiting the White Coat Investor website. It’s a great source for guidance on how to acquire and manage the “good” forms of debt.